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Ruling regarding meaning of “likely” in section 2 of the Explosive Substances Act 1883

Case Law
 In the case of R v Haydon 2026, the Court dismissed an appeal against conviction under section 2 of the Explosive Substances Act 1883 rejecting the challenge to the judge’s interpretation of “likely” in that provision and confirming it means “could well happen” rather than “more likely than not.”

Insulting words or behaviour

Legal Q&A


 A number of offences in the Public Order Act 1986 make reference to the use of "insulting words or behaviour". What might be regarded as "insulting" for the purpose of the offence?

Theft vs Robbery in a retail setting - the meaning of appropriation

Legal Article

 In this article, PNLD Legal Adviser Jack Houchin, highlights the current law around appropriation as a continuing act in a retail setting. He draws a distinction between the rules for the recording practices of police forces on their crime recording systems (Home Office Counting Rules (HOCR)) and related case law. 

In the Spotlight

Welcome to our legal feature 'In the Spotlight'

Bringing focus to a legal topic, making your professional life simpler by:

  • Demystify complex legislation
  • Improve your legal knowledge
  • Evidence continuous personal development
  • Understand how to apply the law competently

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In the Spotlight